a.  The locusts devastating Judah also symbolize an end-time judgment of God.
          b. On "the Day of the Lord,"  He will gather "all nations."  They will be judged by one criterion: their treatment of Israel.  Some will be destroyed, some sold into slavery, the lands of some left desolate.  Israel will be vindicated.
          c.  In the indefinite future, God will do a new thing: He will pour out His Spirit on common people, and at the same time, perform  signs and wonders in the heavens and on earth.  In the midst of destruction, He will sustain a holy band of survivors, gathered in Jerusalem.
          d.  Christians have understood Joel's prophecy to include Gentiles in a worldwide move of God prior to the final judgment.